DCS系統(tǒng)技術(shù)說明書
DCS system technical specification
系統(tǒng)介紹/System introduction
DCS是分散控制系統(tǒng)（Distributed Control System）的簡稱，國內(nèi)一般習(xí)慣稱為集散控制系統(tǒng)。它是一個(gè)由過程控制級和過程監(jiān)控級組成的以通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)為紐帶的多級計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)，綜合了計(jì)算機(jī)（Computer）、通訊（Communication）、顯示（CRT）和控制（Control）等4C技術(shù)，其基本思想是分散控制、集中操作、分級管理、配置靈活、組態(tài)方便。
DCS is the short for Distributed Control System (Distributed Control System), and it is commonly called distributed control system in China. It is a multilevel Computer system composed of process Control level and process monitoring level with Communication network as the link, integrating computer (Computer), communication (Communication), display (CRT) and control (Control) etc. The basic idea is decentralized control, centralized operation, hierarchical management, flexible configuration and convenient configuration.
系統(tǒng)的主要技術(shù)特點(diǎn)概述/The main technical characteristics of the system are summarized
1、系統(tǒng)主要有現(xiàn)場控制站（I/O站）、數(shù)據(jù)通訊系統(tǒng)、人機(jī)接口單元（操作員站OPS、工程師站ENS）、機(jī)柜、電源等組成。系統(tǒng)具備開放的體系結(jié)構(gòu)，可以提供多層開放數(shù)據(jù)接口。
The system mainly consists of field control station (I/O station), data communication system, man-machine interface unit (operator station OPS, engineer station ENS), cabinet, power supply and so on. The system has an open architecture and can provide multi-layer open data interface.
2、硬件系統(tǒng)在惡劣的工業(yè)現(xiàn)場具有高度的可靠性、維修方便、工藝。底層漢化的軟件平臺(tái)具備強(qiáng)大的處理功能，并提供方便的組態(tài)復(fù)雜控制系統(tǒng)的能力與用戶自主開發(fā)專用高級控制算法的支持能力；易于組態(tài)，易于使用。支持多種現(xiàn)場總線標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以便適應(yīng)未來的擴(kuò)充需要。
The hardware system has high reliability, easy maintenance and advanced technology in harsh industrial sites. The underlying Chinese software platform has powerful processing functions, and provides convenient configuration of complex control systems and users to develop special advanced control algorithms. Easy to configure, easy to use. Multiple fieldbus standards are supported to accommodate future extensions.
3、系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)采用合適的冗余配置和診斷至模件級的自診斷功能，具有高度的可靠性。系統(tǒng)內(nèi)任一組件發(fā)生故障，均不會(huì)影響整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的工作。
The design of the system adopts suitable redundancy configuration and self-diagnosis function from diagnosis to module level, which has high reliability. The failure of any component in the system will not affect the work of the entire system.
4、系統(tǒng)的參數(shù)、報(bào)警、自診斷及其他管理功能高度集中在CRT上顯示和在打印機(jī)上打印，控制系統(tǒng)在功能和物理上真正分散，DCS·整個(gè)系統(tǒng)的可利用率至少為99.9％；系統(tǒng)平均時(shí)間為10萬小時(shí)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了核電、火電、熱電、石化、化工、冶金、建材諸多領(lǐng)域的完整監(jiān)控。
The parameters, alarm, self-diagnosis and other management functions of the system are highly concentrated on the CRT display and printed on the printer, the control system is really dispersed in function and physics, and the utilization rate of DCS and the whole system is at least 99.9%; The average trouble-free time of the system is 100,000 hours, which realizes the complete monitoring of nuclear power, thermal power, petrochemical, chemical, metallurgy and building materials.
5、域”的概念：把大型控制系統(tǒng)用高速實(shí)時(shí)冗余網(wǎng)絡(luò)分成若干相對獨(dú)立的分系統(tǒng)，一個(gè)分系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成一個(gè)域，各域共享管理和操作數(shù)據(jù)，而每個(gè)域內(nèi)又是一個(gè)功能完整的DCS系統(tǒng)，以便更好的滿足用戶的使用。
The concept of "domain" : the large-scale control system is divided into a number of relatively independent sub-systems with high-speed real-time redundant networks, a sub-system constitutes a domain, each domain shares management and operation data, and each domain is a fully functional DCS system in order to better meet the use of users.
6、網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)可靠性、開放性及性。在系統(tǒng)操作層，采用冗余的100Mbps以太網(wǎng)；在控制層，采用冗余的100Mbps工業(yè)以太網(wǎng)，保證系統(tǒng)的可靠性；在現(xiàn)場信號(hào)處理層，12Mbps的PROFIBUS總線連接控制單元和各現(xiàn)場信號(hào)處理模塊。
Network structure reliability, openness and advanced nature. In the system operation layer, redundant 100Mbps Ethernet is used; In the control layer, the redundant 100Mbps industrial Ethernet is used to ensure the reliability of the system. In the field signal processing layer, the 12Mbps PROFIBUS bus connects the central control unit and the various field signal processing modules.
7、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的Client/Server結(jié)構(gòu)。有的DCS的操作層采用Client/Server結(jié)構(gòu)，開放并且可靠的操作系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)的操作層采用WINDOWS NT操作系統(tǒng)；控制站采用成熟的嵌入式實(shí)時(shí)多任務(wù)操作系統(tǒng)QNS以確?？刂葡到y(tǒng)的實(shí)時(shí)性、安全性和可靠性。
Standard Client/Server architecture. Some DCS operating layer adopts Client/Server structure, open and reliable operating system. The operating layer of the system adopts WINDOWS NT operating system. The control station adopts the mature embedded real-time multi-task operating system QNS to ensure the real-time, security and reliability of the control system.
8、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的控制組態(tài)軟件。系統(tǒng)采用IEC61131－3標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的控制組態(tài)工具，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)任何監(jiān)測、控制要求?？蓴U(kuò)展性和可裁剪性，保證經(jīng)濟(jì)性。
Standard control configuration software. The system adopts IEC61131-3 standard control configuration tool, which can realize any monitoring and control requirements. Scalability and tailoring to ensure economy.
DCS一般控制規(guī)模/DCS generally controls scale
1、輸入/輸出信號(hào)類型/Input/output signal type
DCS的過程控制器應(yīng)能直接接收或處理以下各種類型的輸入和輸出信號(hào)，包括模擬量輸入、數(shù)字量輸入、模擬擬量輸出。數(shù)字量輸出。
The DCS process controller should be able to directly receive or process the following types of input and output signals, including analog input, digital input, analog analog output. Digital output.
2、DCS系統(tǒng)功能要求/Functional requirements of DCS system
2.1、系統(tǒng)一般具備有控制功能、連續(xù)控制、離散控制功能、系統(tǒng)監(jiān)視功能、監(jiān)控軟件功能包括總貌畫面、分組畫面。趨勢畫面，報(bào)警畫面、圖形畫面、棒圖等。
The system generally has control function, continuous control, discrete control function, system monitoring function, monitoring software function including the overall picture, grouping picture. Trend screen, alarm screen, graphic screen, bar chart, etc.
2.2、報(bào)警功能/Alarm function
當(dāng)報(bào)警發(fā)生時(shí)，系統(tǒng)將具有以下動(dòng)作，一、系統(tǒng)將根據(jù)報(bào)警的級別和設(shè)置實(shí)時(shí)打印當(dāng)前的報(bào)警內(nèi)容；二、同時(shí)系統(tǒng)產(chǎn)生聲響報(bào)警，并提供報(bào)警顏色的變化，用以提示操作者。報(bào)警類型至少具有下列類型，高報(bào)、低報(bào)、高高報(bào)、低低報(bào)、偏差報(bào)等。三、當(dāng)要求聯(lián)鎖控制時(shí)應(yīng)具備聯(lián)鎖功能，聯(lián)鎖控制功能包括布爾邏輯和梯形邏輯。
When the alarm occurs, the system will have the following actions, first, the system will print the current alarm content in real time according to the alarm level and setting; At the same time, the system generates an audible alarm and provides a change in the alarm color to prompt the operator. Alarm types have at least the following types, high report, low report, high report, low report, deviation report and so on. Third, when the interlock control is required, it should have an interlock function, and the interlock control function includes Boolean logic and ladder logic.
